AN ASSESSMENT OF ABSORBED DOSE AND RADIATION HAZARD INDEX FROM NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY

2008 
Naturally occurring radionuclides such as 40 K, 226 Ra and 228 Ra which emit gamma radiation through their decaying process could reach the human in vicinity. The study area was chosen for its variety of surface conditions such as slope, flat land catchments and also forest area, which is used as a reference place. Soil samples were collected using hand auger, and the sampling positions were determined using a Global Positioning System (GPS). The amount of radioactivity concentration of these radionuclides is the important factor in assessing whether it is harmful or otherwise. In this study, the surface doses rate measurements were done in-situ using dose rate meter, and the radioactivity concentration levels were done by counting the soil samples using gamma spectrometer with HPGe detector in the laboratory. The amount of uranium, thorium and potassium in soil were determined using neutron activation analysis (NAA) technique. The results show a reasonably low radiation absorb dose and radiation hazard index, which is a good indication for the farmers to work in the area. Abstrak Radionuklida semulajadi seperti 40 K, 226 Ra dan 228 Ra yang memancarkan sinar gama melalui proses pereputannya boleh mengenai manusia yang berhampirannya. Kawasan kajian ini telah dipilih berdasarkan keadaan permukaan tanah yang berbeza seperti tanah rata, cerun, dan kawasan rendah yang berpaya serta kawasan hutan untuk dijadikan kawasan rujukan. Sampel tanah telah dipungut menggunakan auger dan lokasi pensampelan ditentukan dengan menggunakan sistem penempatan global (GPS). Jumlah kepekatan radioaktiviti dari radionuklida ini adalah faktor penting bagi menentukan samada ianya berbahaya atau tidak. Dalam kajian ini, pengukuran radioaktiviti dalam makmal dilakukan dengan membilang sampel tanah menggunakan spektrometer gama dilengkapkan dengan pengesan HPGe. Jumlah uranium, thorium dan kalium di dalam tanah ditentukan dengan teknik analisis pengaktifan neutron. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kadar serapan dan indeks radiasi berbahaya yang agak rendah yang menunjukkan indikasi yang baik untuk petani yang bekerja di kawasan tersebut.
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