The significance of vitamin A for the immune system (review)

The significance of vitamin A and of its metabolites (retinoic acid a. o.) for the functional capacity of the cells of the immune system (macrophages, T- and B-lymphocytes, killer-cells a. o.) is discussed with special consideration to that of the gastro-intestinal-tract and of the mammary gland. Recommendations for the application of vitamin A in combination with the vitamins D, E and C are given.