Is CRT Useful in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

It may be said that CRT has a role in improving functional capacity over conventional right ventricular pacing in patients with left ventricular failure who require permanent ventricular stimulation and/or in those with an indication for AV nodal ablation. As for the great majority of patients with advanced heart failure and AF without conventional indications for permanent cardiac pacing — a wide and progressively expanding population in the “border zone” of current indications for CRT — no definite data are available. Some promising results from ablated patients show a favourable trend in major cardiac event reduction after CRT. More controlled clinical data are required to achieve definite conclusions about the indications for CRT in heart failure patients with AF.