Mitigating Risks Associated with Long-term CCS: Characterizing the Geologic History and Heterogeneity of Sealing Strata.☆

Abstract Reducing the uncertainty of long-term storage at potential Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) sites is reliant on a thorough understanding of the heterogeneity of seals and caprocks. Assessing holding capacities and potential seal bypasses is necessary for reliable estimates of total storage and retention. This study examines the geologic heterogeneities of different lithologic seals, and defines processes that impact the likelihood of safe and effective carbon storage.