Use of sarolaner in African hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris) infested with Caparinia tripilis

Abstract Background One of the most common ectoparasites in hedgehogs is Caparinia tripilis. Isoxazolines have recently shown to be a good treatment option for ectoparasites. The objective of this case report was to describe the treatment of a natural infestations from Caparinia tripilis in two African hedgehogs with sarolaner. Case description Two hedgehogs presented for Caparinia tripilis infestation. Sarolaner (2mg/kg) was administered once orally and the response to treatment was evaluated on days 1, 7, 14, 30 and 60 by evaluating the lesions, the level of pruritus and the presence of parasites. From day 1 to 30 post-treatment, the severity of the lesions decreased in both hedgehogs and between day 30 and day 60 post-treatment, the lesions were not evident anymore. Presence of mites and pruritus decreased in both cases from day 1 to day 15, eventually disappeared, and remained so for 60 days of follow-up. Both hedgehogs gained weight during the evaluation period. Conclusions and case relevance Sarolaner as a standalone treatment effectively treated Caparinia tripilis infection without evidence of any adverse effects. Reports including a larger number of subjects are required in order to confirm safety and effectiveness of the drug.