Pour $l \neq 2$, la $\mathrm{Z}_l$-cohomologie du mod\`ele de Deligne-Carayol et des vari\'et\'es de Shimura de Kottwitz est sans torsion

This article is the $\mathrm{Z}_l$-version of my paper "Monodromie du faisceau pervers des cycles evanescents de quelques varietes de Shimura simples" in Invent. Math. 2009 vol 177 pp. 239-280, where we study the vanishing cycles of some unitary Shimura variety. The aim is to prove that the cohomology sheaves of this complexe are free so that, thanks to the main theorem of Berkovich on vanishing cycles, we can deduce that the $\mathrm{Z}_l$-cohomology of the model of Deligne-Carayol is free. There will be a second article which will be the $\mathrm{Z}_l$ version of my paper "Conjecture de monodromie-poids pour quelques varites de Shimura unitaires" in Compositio vol 146 part 2, pp. 367-403. The aim of this second article will be to study the torsion of the cohomology groups of these Shimura varieties.