Collection and treatment integrated safe biological sample pretreatment device and method

The invention discloses a collection and treatment integrated safe biological sample pretreatment device and method. The collection and treatment integrated safe biological sample pretreatment device comprises a main pipe, a hollow fibrous membrane, a guide pipe, a fixed plug (or a movable plug), an inner protective cap and an outer protective cap. The device is a totally-enclosed device integrating sampling, and removal and separation operations of macromolecular substances; if a sample is a whole blood sample, operations of plasma separation and removal of protein and other macromolecular substances can be eliminated by adopting the device, namely, by adopting the device, filtrate containing small molecular substances to be tested can be obtained directly through an ultrafiltration principle, and dangerous pathogenic pathogenic microorganisms in the whole blood sample are in a totally-enclosed negative-pressure environment in the whole analysis process, and have no opportunity of exposing and spreading, so that health and safety of an operator are ensured; operation steps are reduced, and accuracy and reliability of check results are improved.