Effect of butyrate enemas on gene expression profiles and endoscopic/histopathological scores of diverted colorectal mucosa: A randomized trial

Abstract Background A temporary stoma is often created to protect a distal anastomosis in colorectal surgery. Short-chain fatty acids, mainly butyrate, are the major fuel source for the epithelium and their absence in the diverted tract may produce mucosal atrophy and inflammation. Aims To investigate whether the administration of sodium butyrate enemas (Naburen © , Promefarm, Italy) could prevent mucosal inflammation and atrophy and affect gene expression profiles after ileo/colostomy. Methods We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, in patients with enterostomy performed for inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer or diverticulitis. Twenty patients were randomly allocated to receive 30 ml of sodium butyrate 600 mmol/L (group A) or saline (group B), b.i.d. for 30 days. Results In group A endoscopic scores were significantly improved ( p Conclusion Butyrate enemas may prevent the atrophy of the diverted colon/rectum, thus improving the recovery of tissue integrity.