ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN CALLUS CULTURES AND IN VITRO REGENERATED PLANTS OF ARTEMISIA NILAGIRICA (CLARKE) PAMP.- AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES
2015
ABSTRACT: Antioxidant potential of in vitro callus and regenerated plants of Artemisia nilagirica was investigated using several biochemical assay techniques for scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl -2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals as well as lipid peroxidation. The internodal explants from A. nilagirica were cultured on Murashige and Skoog’s (1962) basal medium (MS) supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. A synergistic coupling of 0.5 mg/L 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) with 1.0 mg/L Kinetin (Kin) yielded maximum callogenic response. Shoot organogenesis in callus cultures was most favoured in MS containing 2.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In vitro regenerated plantlets, emerged from culture medium, were acclimatized and the survival rate of ex vitro plants after soil transplantation was 80-83% with no apparent phenotypic variations. The antioxidant potential of natural (in vivo) plants, callus tissues and in vitro regenerated plants before and after field transplantation (ex vitro) plants were compared. DPPH scavenging activity was the highest in aqueous extracts of 10 week-old ex vitro plants than other sources. Superoxide anion and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity was the highest in ethanolic extracts of 10 week-old ex vitro plants where as the hydroxyl radical was the maximum in 6 week-old in vivo plants. Lipid peroxidation was neither observed in calli nor in regenerated plants of A. nilagirica.
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