Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection Presenting With Bilateral Interstitial Pneumonia: Case Report and Discussion of Potential HIV-Induced Interstitial Pneumonia

: A 50-year-old man was admitted to intensive care unit because of acute respiratory failure due interstitial pneumonia; after admission, a diagnosis of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection was made. Clinical and radiological improvement was observed only after introduction of antiretroviral treatment. We discuss the hypothesis of interstitial pneumonia induced by the acute HIV-1 infection.