Are There Useful CT Features to Differentiate Renal Cell Carcinoma From Lipid-Poor Renal Angiomyolipoma?

OBJECTIVE. This study was an attempt to identify key CT features that can potentially be used to differentiate between lipid-poor renal angiomyolipoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS. We conducted an analysis of patients who received nephrectomy or renal biopsy from 2002 to 2011 with suspected RCC. We included tumors smaller than 7 cm with a completed three-phase CT examination. A radiologist and a urology fellow, blinded to histopathologic diagnosis, recorded the imaging findings by consensus and compared the values for each parameter between lipid-poor angiomyolipoma, RCC subtypes, and RCC as a group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for each univariate significant feature. RESULTS. The sample in our study consisted of 132 patients with 135 renal tumors, including 51 men (age range, 26–84 years; mean age, 57 years) and 81 women (age range, 29–91 years; mean age, 57 years). These tumors included 33 lipid-poor angiomyolipomas, 54 clear-cell RCC, 31 chromophobe ...