Гендерные особенности риска развития артериальной гипертензии у населения с депрессией в России/Сибири (программа ВОЗ «MONICA-psychosocial»)

Objective. To determine the gender-related differences of depression impact on the risk (HR — hazard ratio) of hypertension (HTN) development in the general population of 25–64 years old in Russia/Siberia. Design and methods. Within the III screening WHO program «MONICA-psychosocial», a random representative sample (both genders, aged 25–64 years old) of Novosibirsk citizens was formed in 1994 (men: n = 657, 44,3 ± 0,4 years, response — 82,1%; women: n = 689, 45,4 ± 0,4 years, response — 72,5%). The examination included registration of social and demographic data, diagnostics of depression. During 16‑year follow-up new-onset HTN was diagnosed in 229 women and in 46 men. Results. In an open population of 25–64 years, depression rate was higher in women (54,5%) compared to men (29%). There were no gender differences in social gradient in depressive subjects divided by marital status: women with high levels of education prevailed over men; depressive men more frequently were leaders and workers of heavy physical labor, while women mostly were engineers and workers of light physical labor. Hazard ration of HTN at 5, 10, 16 years was higher in depressive men compared to women. Conclusions. Depression is more common in women than in men, however, HR is significantly higher in men than in women.