Integration of omics and system biology approaches to study grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) response to salt stress: a perspective for functional genomics - A review

The ability of plants to modify their behavior appropriately in response to salt stress is a major factor in their adaptation to this specific constraint. To date, environmental constraints, including salinity, become more and more unfavorable especially for glycophytes such as grapevines. Salt tolerance is a complex physiological and multigenic trait. Studying the functional networks of transcriptome, proteome and metabolome of grapevine plants subjected to salinity may help to identify candidate genes associated with salt tolerance mechanisms. Thus, the integration of omics tools (i.e., genomics, proteomics and metabolomics) with physiological approaches allows better understanding of the grapevine plant response and developing efficient markerassisted selection strategies in order to generate salt stress resistant grapevine varieties. In this review, research progress in grapevine responses to salt stress is discussed, highlighting the importance of the system biology approach for identifying molecular regulatory networks leading to a better adaptation ability of grapevine to salt stress.