Building capacity for palliative care delivery in primary care settings: Mixed-methods evaluation of the INTEGRATE Project.

Objective To evaluate an intervention aimed at building capacity to deliver palliative care in primary care settings. Design The INTEGRATE Project was a 3-year pilot project involving interprofessional palliative care education and an integrated care model to promote early identification and support of patients with palliative care needs. A concurrent mixed-methods evaluation was conducted using descriptive data, provider surveys before and after implementation, and interviews with providers and managers. Setting Four primary care practices in Ontario. Participants All providers in each practice were invited to participate. Providers used the “surprise question“ as a prompt to determine patient eligibility for inclusion. Main outcome measures Provider attitudes toward and confidence in providing palliative care, use of palliative care tools, delivery of palliative care, and perceived barriers to delivering palliative care. Results A total of 294 patients were identified for early initiation of palliative care, most of whom had multiple comorbid conditions. Results demonstrated improvement in provider confidence to deliver palliative care (30% mean increase, P Conclusion A standardized model for the early introduction of palliative care to patients can be integrated into the routine practice of primary care practitioners with appropriate training and support. Additional research is needed to understand the practice factors that contribute to the success of palliative care interventions in primary care and to examine patient outcomes.