What's a middle school teacher to do? Five evidence-based practices to support English learners and students with learning disabilities

AbstractGeneral education teachers are challenged with meeting the unique instructional needs of every learner in their classrooms, which increasingly include English learners (ELs) and students with learning disabilities (LD). This article uses vignettes to demonstrate how a middle school content teacher uses five strategies: building prior knowledge, building vocabulary, explicit instruction, visual representation, and opportunities to respond to support his students. Each strategy is evidence based for ELs and for students who have an identified LD. Research supports that ELs and students with LD benefit from specific instructional strategies that enhance the accessibility of course content and potentially improve learning outcomes.