Mach–Zehnder nonlinear interferometer in photonic crystal fibers with nonlinearity profiles

In this work, we present a numerical study to investigate the transmission, extinction ratio, crosstalk and compression factor outputs of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer in photonic crystal fibers by varying the nonlinearity parameter of the fiber from β = 1 to β = 2 for three different nonlinearity profiles (constant, increasing and decreasing) and in three different scenarios (P0 = Pc, P0 Pc). We observed that the highest transmission (T = 67%), the highest extinction ratio (XR = 3.57 dB) and the lowest crosstalk (Xtalk = -5.25 dB) occurred in the third scenario (P0 = 110 kW > Pc) considering the decreasing profile for β = 1.35. Such condition enables applications such as TDMA and logic circuits.