Interference of two Bose–Einstein condensates with varying initial conditions

In this work, we study the interference effect of two independent Bose–Einstein condensates by numerical technique. Symplectic algorithm with high order difference scheme is used to solve the one-dimensional (1D) Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation. It is shown that the property of the interference between two condensates resembles the double-slit interference, and the fringe is dependent on the relative phase and the inter-spacing of the initial clouds. Interference of condensate consisting of different number of atoms is also presented, and the fringe is shown to be unsymmetrical. The periodic evolution of the two condensates confined in a harmonic trapping potential is studied and a much stronger interference pattern is shown.