PLE-wu, a new member of piggyBac transposon family from insect, is active in mammalian cells.

piggyBac , a highly active transposon in insect and mammalian cells, is a very useful tool in genome manipulation. A new piggyBac -like element (PLE), named PLE-wu, was identified from a mutant baculovirus cultured in sf 9 insect cells. This new transposon is 2931 bp in length and encodes two active forms of transposase, a 708-amino acid-long transposase and a short 576-residue-long transposase translated from a downstream in-frame initiation codon. PLE-wu has asymmetric terminal structures, containing 6-bp inverted terminal repeats, 32-bp imperfect inverted and direct sub-terminal repeats. Similar to piggyBac , PLE-wu exhibits traceless excision activity in both insect and mammalian cells, restoring the original TTAA target sequence upon excision. It also retains the insertion activity in mammalian cells with a plasmid to chromosome transposition rate about 10-fold higher than random integration. Plasmid rescue assays revealed that the TTAA target sequence was duplicated at the junctions of the insertion site. Deletion of the terminal sequences including the sub-terminal repeats decreased the transposition activity of the 708-residue-long transposase, while the transposition activity of the short form of transposase was not affected. With its low sequence similarity to piggyBac , PLE-wu will contribute to the understanding the mechanism of PLE transposition, as well as design of new transposon systems with higher activity.