Lifestyle advice follow-up improves dietary consumption and cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetes patients treated with oral antidiabetics

Background and aim of the study The lifestyle intervention is one of the most effective therapeutic options for improving glycemic control and reducing cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to investigate if monitoring of lifestyle advices could improve glycemic control and atheroma ratios in T2D patients treated with oral anti diabetics (OAD). Methods Patients (n = 85, sex ratio F/M, 40/45) aged 50 ± 8 years, with T2D since 9 ± 3 years and initially treated with oral anti diabetics during 8 ± 1 years, were recruited. At the beginning of the study (d0), nutritional advices (i.e. consumption of fish, fruits and vegetables diet, with 250 g of carbohydrates distributed over daily different meals) associated to 30 to 45 min walking per day, were recommended, with a follow-up at 3 (d90) and 6 months (d180). The 24-hour recall, followed by a 3-days record, and daily energy expenditure (DEE) questionnaire were realized. Serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Serum insulin was determined by ELISA and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated. Serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C and triglycerides (TG) levels were measured by enzymatic colorimetric tests. Apolipoproteins Apo A-1 and Apo B level were analyzed by immuno-turbidimetric test. Results A significant increase of total energy intake (TEI) (MJ/24 h) was noted in T2D, at d90 and d180, compared to d0 (P  Conclusion The six-month follow-up of dietary advice, associated with regular physical activity by T2D patients, improves their food consumption, HbA1c as well as atheroma risk.