Avian influenza: an emerging global threat.

Influenza is a contagious respiratory disease that can cause mild to severe illness, sometimes resulting in fatalities. Recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in Asia and associated human infections have led to a heightened level of awareness and preparation for a possible influenza pandemic. This report provides insights into key aspects of the biology, epidemiology and the global threat of human-to-human transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. It further discusses surveillance, preparedness and available treatment options for this disease. Since this agent cannot be tested in human due to related life-threatening issues, it is important to develop animal models to study the disease pathogenesis, testing of vaccines and therapeutics against avian influenza virus are also highlighted in the report. The contents of the report will provide its readers valuable information regarding the biology, transmission, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of avian influenza.