Simulation study of ionospheric turbulence based on finite-difference time-domain method

A modified finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for full-scale simulation of the nonlinear interaction between electromagnetic (EM) waves and ionosphere is presented. The EM wave propagates from the neutral atmosphere into the ionospheric plasma. We observe Langmuir turbulence during the complex process and present electromagnetic field distribution at different time. This numerical study should be useful for understanding the nonlinear process of ionospheric turbulence.