Increased Prevalence of Moderate-to-severe Mitral And Aortic Valve Dysfunction in Systemic Sclerosis: A Casecontrol Study.

Objective To investigate the prevalence, severity and associated clinical factors of mitral and aortic valvular involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods This case-control study included 172 patients with SSc and 172 non-SSc adults without known cardiac disease matched by age, gender, and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The screening of mitral and aortic valvular involvement was performed by transthoracic Doppler echocardiogram. The prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) was also compared with that reported in a population-based study performed in our community during the same period. Results SSc patients showed an almost 5-fold increased prevalence of moderate-to-severe mitroaortic valve dysfunction compared to non-SSc controls (OR: 4.60, 95% CI 1.51-13.98; p=0.003). The most common lesion was mitral regurgitation (MR), which was observed in 5.2% of patients, followed by AS in 3.5%, and aortic regurgitation (AR) in 1.7%. Analyzing the different types of valvular lesion separately, we observed a significantly higher frequency of MR compared to controls (OR:4.69, 95% CI:1.12-22.04; p= 0.032), as well as a higher frequency of AS in the 65-75 (OR: 7.51, 95% CI:1.22-46.23, p=0.01) and 76-85 year-old age groups (OR:3.53, 95% CI:1.03-12.22, p=0.043) when compared to the general population in our community. Conclusion We found an increased prevalence of moderate-to-severe MR and AS in SSc compared to age-matched non-SSc controls with similar cardiovascular comorbidities. While results from this study do not allow to establish a direct causal relationship, they strongly support.