Hospital-acquired septicemia in neonatal intensive care unit:a case control study

OBJECTIVE To study the changes in sepsis etiology,clinical features and the related risk factors of septicemia,to provide bases for hospital infection surveillance and timely diagnosis.METHODS Totally 54 cases of nosocomial septicemia were monitored and diagnosed in NICU in the four years from Jan 2006 to Dec 2009,and were divided into G+ cocci infection group with 25 cases,G-bacillus infection group with 16 cases and fungal infection group with 13 cases.The impact factors and clinical characteristics of the three groups were analyzed.RESULTS G+ cocci proportion was in declining with 46.30%,G-bacilli increased with each year 29.63%,the proportion of fungi also could not be ignored with 24.07%.It increased the risk of nosocomial septicemia in the cases of low birth weight,premature children,the use of medical technical operations,various antibiotics for a longer time,longer hospital stay and so on.The longer the stay in hospital was,the more likely the infection of G-bacilli and fungi acquired.Clinical features were the same as general infection symptoms,with no particularity.CONCLUSION It is important to early diagnose the septicemia cases of hospital infection for NICU.Monitoring to infectious symptom of the newborns should be strengthened to diagnose the septicemia in early state,earlier detection and diagnosis and effective treatment measures are important factors to influence the prognosis.