Association of Body Fat Distribution and Metabolic Syndrome with the Occurrence of Colorectal Adenoma: A Case‐Control Study

AIM Visceral fat is supposed to play different role in carcinogenesis of colon with peripheral fat. The association of body fat distribution with occurrence of colorectal adenoma remains uncertain. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the association of body fat distribution measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with incidence of CRA. METHODS A total of 410 asymptomatic participants who underwent screening colonoscopy from Jul 2017 to Dec 2019 in our centre were recruited, including 230 with adenoma and 180 without detected adenoma. The body fat of participants was measured by BIA, including body fat mass (BFM), body fat percent (BFP), and waist-to-hip fat ratio. Parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood level of triglyceride, cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein were measured as well. RESULTS According to univariate analysis, age, male proportion, BMI, waist circumference, body fat mass, waist-to-hip fat ratio, blood pressure, and FBG were higher in the adenoma group than adenoma-free group (p<0.05). On multivariate logistical analysis (adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, family history of CRC, etc.), a high waist-to-hip fat ratio was associated with higher incidence of CRA (OR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.09-3.09; p=0.02). Only a high waist circumference in components of MetS was independently associated with incidence of CRA (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.17-3.08, p=0.01) in multivariate logistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS Body fat distribution is associated with CRA, central obesity is a core risk factor for CRA in metabolic syndromes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.