Method and device for channel transmission in wireless cellular communication system

Disclosed are a communication technique of merging, with IoT technology, a 5G communication system for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G system, and a system therefor. The disclosure can be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, health care, digital education, retail, security and safety related services, and the like) on the basis of 5G communication technology and IoT related technology. The present invention presents a method for efficiently estimating a physical channel and, according to the present invention, a terminal of a communication system receives a synchronization signal from a base station, receives a broadcast channel from the base station, and can estimate the broadcast channel on the basis of the synchronization signal.