Correlation between the serum hyaluronic acid level and the outcomes in patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum hyaluronic acid level and the outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods The patients definitely diagnosed as acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were enrolled. The baseline clinical data were documented. The serum hyaluronic acid level was detected within 24 h after admission. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to evaluate the clinical outcome at day 90 after onset.They were divided into a good outcome group (mRS 0-2) and a poor outcome group (mRS >2). The clinical data of both groups were compared and analyzed. Results A total of 321 patients were enrolled, including 184 in the good outcome group and 137 in the poor outcome group. There were significant differences in age (46.3±8.6 years vs. 62.4±10.5 years; t=3.761, P=0.025), body mass index (24.1±5.3 kg/m2vs. 27.8±6.1 kg/m2;t=6.193, P=0.013), hematoma volume (59.7±9.7 ml vs. 89.2±14.9 ml; t=6.278, P<0.001), Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score (6.3±1.5 vs. 3.9±0.7; t=9.121, P<0.001), baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (9.6±1.5 vs. 16.3±4.5; t=9.989, P<0.001), and serum hyaluronic acid level (376.2±22.9 ng/ml vs. 876.1±19.6 ng/ml; t=19.681, P<0.001) between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the hyaluronic acid (odds ratio [OR] 4.396, 95%confidence interval [CI] 1.912-6.897; P<0.001), hematoma volume (OR 2.328, 95% CI 1.912-3.843; P=0.013), NIHSS score (OR 2.662, 95% CI 1.127-2.976; P=0.023), and GCS score (OR 0.879, 95% CI 0.097-0.969; P=0.046)were the independent risk factors for affecting the outcomes in patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Conclusion The increased baseline serum hyaluronic acid level is an independent risk predictor of the poor outcomes in patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Key words: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Hyaluronic Acid; Prognosis; Biomarkers; Risk Factors