99mTC-white blood cell scintigraphy with SPECT/CT in the diagnosis of vascular graft infection.

Abstract Aim Vascular graft infection is a rare complication with a high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is essential to establish an adequate treatment. We assess the accuracy of 99mTc-WBC scintigraphy with SPECT/CT in the diagnosis of vascular graft infection. Materials and methods We retrospectively analyzed thirty 99mTc-WBC scintigraphies with SPECT/CT performed in thirty patients with suspicion of vascular prosthesis infection. Studies were considered positive for graft infection if the intensity of activity involving the graft was greater than the liver or bone marrow activity (spine and pelvis). Results Final diagnosis of infection was established in 10 patients, based on Fitzgerald criteria. Scintigraphy was positive in 11 patients. No false negatives were obtained. The values of sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 95% respectively, with a PPV of 91% and a NPV of 100%. 25 patients had a CT performed prior to scintigraphy, in 9 cases the result was positive and in the remaining 16 was negative. CT sensitivity and specificity obtained in our study were 62.5% and 76% respectively, with a PPV of 55.6% and a NPV of 81.3%. Diagnosis of infection led to prosthesis exeresis in 8 cases (all of them had a positive microbiological study of the extracted material), while the remaining 2 patients were treated with antibiotic therapy alone due to high surgical risk. Conclusion Our results suggest a high accuracy for 99mTc-WBC scintigraphy with SPECT/CT in the assessment of clinically suspected arterial graft infection.