In vivo imaging of obesity-induced inflammation in adipose tissue.

Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue, which contributes to the development of obesity-related diseases such as insulin resistance, hypertension and arteriosclerosis. Here we developed an animal model that non-invasively monitors inflammation in adipose tissue using in vivo bioluminescent imaging (BLI) technique. In vitro, stimulation with TNFα or co-culture with RAW264 macrophages increased bioluminescence in 3T3-L1 adipocytes expressing NF-κB-mediated luciferase gene (3T3-L1/NF-κB-re-luc2P). In vivo, lipopolysaccharide increased bioluminescence in mice transplanted with 3T3-L1/NF-κB-re-luc2P cells. Moreover, light emission derived from implanted cells was significantly higher in diet-induced obese mice transplanted with 3T3-L1/NF-κB-re-luc2P than in lean mice. Our results showed that BLI technique and 3T3-L1/NF-κB-re-luc2P cells provide a useful approach to non-invasively monitor obesity-induced inflammation in adipose tissue in in vivo.