Electro-thermal comprehensive analysis method for defective bushings in HVDC converter transformer valve-side under multiple-frequency voltage and current harmonics

Abstract The insulation failure mechanism of the resin impregnated paper (RIP) valve-side bushings of HVDC converter transformer under high ambient temperature and strong electromagnetic field conditions is explored in this study via a novel electro-thermal comprehensive analysis method. Considering that the bushings are operating under Multiple-Frequency Voltage and Current Harmonics, a superposition analysis method is established for voltage and current with five frequencies based on a Fourier spectrum analysis of the rated voltage waveform and full-load current waveform. Calculation methods for the heat loss, temperature field, and electric field of RIP bushings at the converter transformer valve-side are then established under two defect conditions: (1) overheating defect caused by an abnormal spring contact at the copper-aluminium conductive tube transition joint and (2) electric potential suspension caused by disconnection between the outmost condenser’s foil layer and grounded flange. An overheating defect in a valve-side bushing with spring contact at the conductive tube is successfully identified by the proposed method to prove its effectiveness. This method can be used to optimize bushing insulation and current-carrying structures as well as to diagnose insulation failures in RIP valve-side bushings.