Long term effects of neonatal hypoglycaemia on pancreatic function

AbstractObjectives: Low blood glucose in neonates predisposes to long term pancreatic damage. We focused on evaluating long term consequences of neonatal hypoglycaemia in pancreatic functions. Methods: Pancreatic function was analysed by measuring DNA/protein synthesis, glucose/ATP uptake in vitro. Gene expression of Pdx1, NeuroD1, Pax4, Bax, caspase 3, Beclin1 were done. Muscarinic receptors were analysed by radio receptor assay. Result: Overall pancreatic efficiency was reduced in one-month-old rats exposed to neonatal hypoglycaemia as indicated by decreased DNA/protein synthesis and glucose/ATP uptake in vitro. Both Pdx1 and Neuro D1 expression were significantly down-regulated whereas Pax4 was up-regulated. Up-regulated Bax, caspase 3 and beclin1 along with reduced muscarinic receptors accounts for activation of cell death pathways. Conclusion: The study revealed a drastic reduction in pancreatic functions along with activation of apoptotic factors in one month old rats exposed to neonatal hypoglycaemia.