Molecular properties and survival of lung adenocarcinoma in young patients.

OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the molecular properties and factors of lung cancer in young patients aged 18-45 years, affecting survival in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma. METHODS Patients aged between 18 and 45 years who were diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2019 and their tumoural mutations were studied and included in this study and then reviewed retrospectively from the hospital records. RESULTS At the time of diagnosis, 71 (3.57%) of 1985 primary lung cancer patients were 45 years old, and 42 (59.2%) male and 29 (40.8%) female patients with a mean age of 39.9 were evaluated. Most of the patients were diagnosed with advanced-stage lung cancer, 55 (77.5%) of them were in stage IV. PET CT showed that the standard intake value (SUV) of 11.1 tended to be high. Multiple organ metastases were detected in 57 patients (80.3%). EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) mutation was positive in 13 patients (18.3%), ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) mutation was positive in 13 patients (18.3%) and ROS (c-ros) mutation oncogene was positive in 2 (2.8%) patients. Surgical operation was performed in 21 (29.6%), radiotherapy was given to 29 (40.8%), chemotherapy to 48 (67.6%) and targeted therapy to 22 (31.0%) patients. The mean overall survival of the patients was 16 months. Within 1 year, 41 (57.7%) patients died. CONCLUSION In our study, significant efficacy of age, gender distribution, smoking, metastasis, ALK positivity, presence of chemotherapy, targeted therapy and surgical treatment was observed in young adenocarcinoma patients. The molecular properties of lung adenocarcinoma in young patients differ from those in the general population, and major driver genes are major factors influencing tumour differentiation and prognosis. In our study, we aimed to explain the molecular properties and results of pulmonary adenocarcinoma. In the future, we will provide constructive recommendations for the prevention and treatment of young patients.