Anti-Hyperglycemic, Anti-Hyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Potential of Alcoholic-Extract of Sida cordifolia (Areal Part) in Streptozotocin-Induced-Diabetes in Wistar-Rats

Sida cordifolia is a shrub found throughout the tropical and sub-tropical plains. All parts of the plant are used as anti-rheumatic, antipyretic, anti-asthmatic, laxative, diuretic, vasorelaxative, hypotensive, central nervous system depressant, antioxidant, analgesic and hypoglycemic. The present study was aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant potential of alcoholic-extract obtained from areal part of S. cordifolia in streptozotocin-induced-diabetes in wistar-rats. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin at the intra-peritoneal dose of 55 mg/kg. Diabetic rats were treated with alcoholic extract of S. cordifolia at dosage of 200, 400 mg/kg and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) after sub-acute administration for 28 days. Alcoholic extract of S. cordifolia at 400 mg/kg significantly improved the body-weight whereas significantly decreased the blood glucose level in diabetic rats. However at 400 mg/kg, the alcoholic extract of S. cordifolia showed beneficial effect indicating significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipids, plasma-creatinine, plasma-urea nitrogen and lipid-peroxidation and a significant increase in high density lipid-level in diabetic rats. Interestingly at 400 mg/kg, a significant increase in antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide-dismutase-activity was seen in the diabetic rats. The dose 200 mg/kg of alcoholic extract of S. cordifolia showed non-significant change in diabetic rats. The above therapeutic-potential of alcoholic extract of areal parts of plant may be because of the presence of bioactive compounds such as glycosides, resins, alkaloids, sterols, saponins and flavonoids. Thus, the findings of the present study indicate that the alcoholic extract of S. cordifolia at dosage level of 400 mg/kg produces anti-diabetic effect in the streptozotocin-induced diabetes in wistar-rats.