Effects of dairy vs. sugar-sweetened products on insulin sensitivity, pancreatic β-cell function and plasma lipids in men and women at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (117.3)

This randomized, controlled, crossover trial assessed the effects of dairy (2 servings/d 2% milk and 1 serving/d low-fat yogurt) vs. sugar-sweetened (2 servings/d non-diet soda and 1 serving/d non-dairy pudding) product consumption for 3 wk on insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and plasma lipids. Subjects were 34 consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages (蠅2 servings/d), 50% female, mean age 53.8 y and BMI 32.2 kg/m2, with multiple risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A liquid meal tolerance test (LMTT) was administered at baseline (BL) and the end of each treatment. Changes from BL (dairy condition shown first) were significantly different between conditions for mean homeostasis model assessment insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S; 17.8 vs. -17.3%; P = 0.01; BL = 127.1%), LMTT disposition index (-0.03 vs. -0.36; P = 0.01; BL = 2.59), and HDL-C (0.8 vs. -4.2%; P = 0.01; BL = 44.3 mg/dL). Median changes from BL in LMTT Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (0.54 vs. -0.26; BL = 4.16) and HOMA β-cell func...