Altered Platelets Morphological Parameters in Obese Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sudan

Background : Obesity and diabetes are growing global health problems that significantly affect patient quality of life and associated with an increased risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Accumulating evidence indicates that platelet hyperactivity is a contributing factor to the cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to evaluate the platelet morphological parameters and platelets count in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult patients. Method : A total of 190 subjects, 90 types 2 diabetes mellitus patients without known cardiovascular diseases [60 obese with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 and 30 non-obese] and 100 age and the sex-matched non-diabetic control group included from adults undergoing routine investigation for other problems in the same center. Venous blood samples were collected in EDTA. Platelet counts and Platelet morphological parameters [MPV, PDW] were performed using the Sysmex KN-21N. Results: The mean platelet counts in the diabetic group were higher than in the non-diabetic group, but the difference was not statistically significant (275.7±70 vs. 261.9±59 × 10  9  /L;  P  > 0.05). The mean MPV was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic group as compared with the non-diabetic group to (9.7 ± 0.4 fl vs. 7.4 ± 0.1 fl; P  =000). The mean PDW was significantly higher in Type 2 diabetic group as compared to the non-diabetic group (11.7± 0.4 fl vs 9.3± 0.1 fl P  = 0.000). Among the Type 2 diabetic patients, MPV and PDW were significantly higher in Type 2 diabetic obese group as compared with a non-obese group (9.8± 0.5fl vs. 8.4± 0.2 fl;  P = 0.000) and (11.8±0.4 vs. 10.4±0.3fl;  P = 0.000) respectively. Conclusion: Sudanese type 2 diabetic obese individuals manifest evidence of high platelet reactivity which may further subsequently increase their risk of cardiovascular complications.