Calibrating synchronous-generator-interfaced DG models in microgrids using multiple event data

Abstract Microgrids, consisting of distributed generators (DGs), loads, and energy storage systems, play an important role in future smart grids. In order to evaluate microgrid operations and their dynamic response, it is necessary to develop accurate dynamic models of DGs in microgrids. This paper presents a systematic method to calibrate the model of a synchronous-generator-interfaced DG. Underlying parameters are categorized into two groups, namely, steady-state parameters and time constants, which are estimated in two successive stages using multiple event data. This methodology ensures that the validated model with the estimated parameters are applicable for a set of events. Moreover, assuming that power angle measurements of a synchronous-generator-interfaced DG are unavailable, a modified unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is proposed to facilitate parameter estimation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using field test data of a 2600 kVA diesel generator which is part of an operational microgrid.