Intra and inter cluster congestion control technique for mobile wireless sensor networks

In Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSN), during routing, there may be an increase in congestion levels. It is required to automatically alter the traffic rate accordingly. In this paper, we propose to design an intra and inter cluster congestion control technique for MWSN. In intra-cluster congestion control, the Cluster Head (CH) proactively monitors the congestion within the cluster each time based on parameters such as traffic intensity information, buffer occupancy and number of contenders. If the congestion level is more than the threshold, it then modifies the traffic rate based on the offered load and the number of contenders. In inter-cluster congestion control, the gateway or forwarder nodes choose the best CH based on the load. By simulation results, we show that the proposed technique minimizes the congestion and the packet drops through effective regulation of the network load.