BSA-lysozyme coated NaCa2HSi3O9 nanorods on titanium for cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity

Abstract Extracellular supplement of Ca and Si accelerates osteogenisis and angiogenisis during bone repair. Ca-Si-based ceramics are biodegradable and can release Ca and Si ions efficiently. However, locally high alkalinity induced by excessively rapid degradation limits their application. In this paper, NaCa2HSi3O9 (NCS) nanorods were fabricated on Ti by micro-arc oxidation and hydrothermal treatment; protein layers consisted of different rations of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYS) were prepared on NCS nanorods by spinning coating and thermal stabilization. The microstructure, ion releasing and wettability of coatings were observed; osteoblast and endotheliocyte behaviors, as well as bacteria response in vitro, were evaluated. The protein layer did not change microstructure and phase composition of nanorods but acted as a barrier isolating nanorods from contacting medium, and it results in slowing down the degradation of nanorods. The reduced increase of pH value, released Ca and Si ions and incorporation of LYS in BSA protein layer gave NCS nanorods improved MC3T3-E1 and HUVECs response, compared with Ti. Meanwhile, the protein layers except pure LYS endowed nanorods with a highly antibacterial effect against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli simultaneously, indicating the key role of BSA in resisting antibacterial adhesion. NCS nanorods with BSA and LYS composited protein layers should be a potential coating applied on Ti implants for increasing osseointegration.