Are iatrogenic renal artery pseudoaneurysms more challenging to embolize when associated with an arteriovenous fistula

2018 
Background Iatrogenic injuries of the renal artery include pseudoaneurysms (PSA) and pseudoaneurysms with arteriovenous fistula (PSA + AVF). They can cause hematuria, anemization and flank pain. Endovascular treatment is recommended due to its effectiveness.
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