A Time-Calibrated Species Tree Phylogeny of the New World Cycad Genus Zamia L. (Zamiaceae, Cycadales)
2019
Premise of research. The genus Zamia L. (Zamiaceae), consisting of 79 species, is the most species-rich and widely distributed cycad genus in the New World and arguably the most morphologically and ecologically diverse genus in the Cycadales. However, a strong phylogenetic framework for this genus is still lacking.Methodology. We used a multilocus sequence data set of 10 independent loci (nine single-copy nuclear genes [SCNGs] and one plastid) and extensive taxon sampling (ca. 90% of species) to infer phylogenetic relationships within Zamia. We implemented a concatenated matrix analysis with maximum parsimony, a partitioned maximum likelihood (ML) analysis, and a time-calibrated Bayesian species tree-estimation approach. Diversification, historical biogeography, and ancestral character state reconstruction analyses were conducted using the species tree topology that was the most morphologically and geographically congruent.Pivotal results. We inferred a robust phylogenetic tree for the genus with a strong...
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