Furostanol saponins in Allium caepa L. Var. tropeana seeds

Abstract An analysis of the polar extracts from seeds of Allium caepa L. var. tropeana led to the isolation of eight furostanol saponins, one of which was previously reported in the literature. On the basis of 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectrometry data, the structures of the compounds were elucidated as 1- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-1β,3β,22α,26-tetraol-26- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1‴ → 2″)- O -α- L -arabinopyranoside ( 1a ), its epimer at position 22, 1- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-1β,3β,22β,26-tetraol-26- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1‴ → 2″)- O -α- L -arabinopyranoside ( 1b ), 1- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-22- O -methyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-1β,3β,22ξ,26-tetraol-26- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1‴ → 2″)- O -α- L -arabinopyranoside (probably artefact) ( 2 ), 1- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-1β,3β,22β,26-tetraol-26- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1‴ → 6″)- O -β- D -galactopyranoside ( 3 ), 1- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-22- O -methyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-1β,3β,22ξ,26-tetraol-26- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1‴ → 6″)- O -β- D -galactopyranoside (probably artefact) ( 4 ), 26- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-3β,22α,26-triol-3- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1″ → 2′)- O -[β- D -glucopyranosyl-(1‴ → 6′)- O ]-β- D -glucopyranoside ( 5a ) and its epimer at position 22,26- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-3β,22β,26-triol-3- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1″ → 2′)- O -[β- D -glucopyranosyl-(1‴ → 6′)- O ]-β- D -glucopyranoside ( 5b ) and the known compound 26- O -β- D -glucopyranosyl-22- O -methyl-(25R)-furost-5(6)-en-3β,22ξ,26-triol-3- O -α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1″ → 2′)- O -[β- D -glucopyranosyl-(1‴ → 6′)- O ]-β- D -glucopyranoside ( 6 ) [Mimaki, Y., Satou, T., Kuroda, M., Sashida, Y., & Hatakeyama, Y. (1999). Steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Lilium candidum . Phytochemistry, 51 , 567–573]. This is the first report on furostanol saponins in the seeds of Allium caepa L. var. tropeana.