A REVIEW ON GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: AN EMERGING APPROACH TO IMPROVE THE GASTRIC RESIDENCE TIME OF SOLID DOSAGE FORMS

Gastroretentive drug delivery systems have now become the most developing and interesting field in the present time. They proposed different types of technologies that are useful in increasing the gastric residence time of the dosage form, thus provide a controlled release of the drug candidate. Because of this, the enhanced absorption and bioavailability is achieved in the gastrointestinal region. Different approaches or technologies used in the gastroretentive drug delivery system are floating dosage system, swellable dosage system, bio/Mucoadhesive dosage system, high density dosage system etc. These different technologies provide improved and/or better therapeutic performance of the drug. Gastroretentive drug delivery system produce prolonged gastric residence time and controlled release of drug candidate which helps in reducing the dosing frequency, improve patient compliance and convenience and maintain less fluctuating plasma level. Basic anatomy and physiology of gastrointestinal tract is described with the explanation of gastric emptying, motility patterns, frequency of forces of contraction during each phase and average time period of each phase. The main purpose of this review is to aware the people about the recent literature, current advancement and many advantages in the field of gastroretentive drug delivery system. Many research programmes are going on in order to develop a gastroretentive dosage form of optimized therapeutics for the improvement of bioavailability and reduction in side effects.