The Dynamic Interplay Between Active and Passive Knee Stability: Implications for Management of the High ACL Injury Risk Athlete

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common problem affecting athletes. Individuals with certain active (movement, training, and growth) and passive (genetics, hormones, anatomy) factors are at increased risk of injury. There is dynamic interplay between the active and passive factors that is directly attributable to an increased risk for ACL injury. Oftentimes, those individuals with both passive and active factors are at the highest risk for ACL injury. Identifying these individuals and providing additional training (i.e., neuromuscular training) have the best potential to mitigate the injury risk.