AS IMPLICAÇÕES DO POLIMORFISMO GENÉTICO DO GENE GST NA PATOGÊNESE DO DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2 THE IMPLICATIONS OF GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF GST GENE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia associated with metabolic complications, clinical and social, resulting from the aging population, increasing urbanization and the adoption of unhealthy lifestyles such as sedentary lifestyles, poor diet and especially obesity. Complex diseases like diabetes, are determined by three main factors: the lifestyle, environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility. The genetic contribution is important evidence in the development of T2DM. Several polymorphisms of genes responsible for encoding enzymes involved in the biotransformation of xenobiotics are related to the development of atherosclerosis, cancer and type 2 diabetes. In the pathogenesis of T2DM, it is observed that oxidative stress contributes to decreased production and reduced ability of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake. In this sense, the polymorphism of enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism phase II has been extensively studied in a wide variety of diseases, especially in determining genetic susceptibility to cancer and response to chemotherapy.