Síndrome adyuvante por implante de protesis mamarias de silicón (siliconosis): ¿una condición emergente?

Los implantes mamarios de silicona se han asociado con una variedad de condiciones medicas que aparecen en coincidencia con su implantacion; ello constituye la emergencia de una nueva y poco conocida patologia de la modernidad. Mas del 87% de los enfermos sintomaticos, presentan neuropatia desmielinizante y axonal, comprobada en la biopsia de nervio y musculo, mientras que aproximadamente el 22%-25% tienen evidencia de enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune. Un pequeno porcentaje del 10%-12%, presentan enfermedad desmielinizante primaria del sistema nervioso: esclerosis multiple diagnosticada mediante resonancia magnetica y estudios de liquido cefalorraquideo. Otros presentan condiciones inmunologicas diversas como sindrome de fibromialgia, tiroiditis de Hashimoto, polimiositis, dermatomiositis, lupus eritematoso sistemico, artritis reumatoide, esclerodermia y presencia de autoanticuerpos. Para estos pacientes sintomaticos se propone como diagnostico unitario un sindrome adyuvante por implante de protesis mamarias de silicon. Se presentan los casos de dos pacientes ilustrativos. Silicone breast prosthesis has been associated with a variety of medical conditions or autoimmune diseases, which has coincidental relation with the implants insertion; it's loomed as a new and unknown pathology of the modern times. More than 87% of symptomatic patients developed demyelination axonal neuropathy demonstrated by nerve and muscle biopsy; 22% to 25% have evidence of autoimmune thyroid disease. An a small group of patients (10%-12%) have primary central nervous system demyelination disease as. multiple selerosis. The diagnosis of multiple selerosis was corroborated by magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Also, an other wide spectrum of immunological diseases have been observed, such as fibromyalgia. Hashimoto's, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and the presence of autoantibodies. Finally, for symptomatic patients, an adjuvant syndrome of silicone breast prosthesis or implant is proposed as a unitary diagnosis. The authors presented two patients whom illustrated this entity.