OSCD: An Online Charging Scheduling Algorithm to Optimize Cost and Smoothness

A large number of electric vehicles (EVs) operating in cities result in huge charging demands. For a charging station, it is important to balance between the immediate charging cost and the future maintenance cost. In this paper, we model the two optimization objectives and employ the efficiency coefficient method to transform the two optimization objectives into a single one. In addition, we propose a heuristic algorithm called OSCD (Online Smooth Charging Decision) to coordinate the charging rate of EVs. To evaluate the effectiveness of OSCD, a series of simulations are conducted based on a real-world charging dataset of EVs. The results show that OSCD achieves a nice trade-off between cost and smoothness, while keeping the ratio of service rejection near zero.