Microwave generation through photonic octupling based on phase modulation and brillouin amplification

Microwave signals are all-optically generated from the eighth harmonic of a microwave signal using a phase modulator and Brillouin amplification in fiber. Since the system does not use any optical filter nor microwave components, wideband continuously tunable microwave and millimeter-wave signals can be generated. The system is based on off-the-shelf components and can be combined with centralized microwave distribution systems.