Nano-Thermal Analysis of Defect-Induced Surface Pre-Melting in 2D Tellurium.

Thermal properties, such as thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and melting temperature, influence the efficiency and stability of two-dimensional (2D) material applications. However, existing studies on thermal characteristics—except for thermal conductivity—are insufficient for 2D materials. Here, we investigated the melting temperature of 2D tellurium (2D Te) using the nano-thermal analysis technique and found anomalous behavior that occurs before the melting temperature is reached. The theoretical calculations present surface pre-melting in 2D Te and Raman scattering measurements suggest that defects in 2D Te accelerate surface pre-melting. Understanding the pre-melting surface characteristics of 2D Te will provide valuable information for practical applications.