Repair of chromatinized DNA

Endogenous and exogenous agents generate tens of thousands of lesions in the DNA of every cell daily. The maintenance of correct DNA structure by repair systems is crucial for genome functioning. Eukaryotic nuclear DNA is tightly packaged into chromatin, in which it should be successfully repaired. Historically, it is believed that histones are temporarily removed from the repaired DNA. However, numerous recent studies indicate that the chromatin structure affects the repair response, limiting its distribution, altering enzyme activity, and participating in the response choice and restoration of the repaired locus function.