Caracteristicile neonatale după transfer de embrioni fresh sau congelaţi la paciente normogonadotrope, tinere şi sănătoase

Purpose. To assess if the frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) results in better birth outcomes than fresh embryo transfer (ET). Methodology. Our retrospective study in­volved women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) between 2017 and 2019 using autologous eggs and having a singleton pregnancy delivered from the 37th week onward at an IVF centre in Târgu-Mures. The study included 121 and 95 patients with fresh and frozen embryo transfer, res­pec­tive­ly. Furthermore, patients with normal BMI, non-smokers and aged under 40 years old were included. We compared the rates of mean birth weight, low birth weight (LBW 4 kg), after fresh versus fro­zen embryo transfer in normogonadotropic healthy young women undergoing IVF. Results. The mean neonatal birth weight was higher after FET than after ET (3316 g FET ver­sus 3154 g ET). The result of the trial suggested that the FET protocol was associated with significantly lower rates of LBW (16.8% FET versus 21.4% ET; p<0.05) and with higher rates of macrosomia (5.2% FET versus 0.8% ET; p<0.03) than the fresh ET protocol. The assessment of 216 babies showed no statistically significant difference in the mode of de­li­very (C-section versus vaginal birth) and sex of live born between the two study groups. Conclusions. The risk of high birth weight following frozen/thawed embryo transfer was greater than that following fresh embryo transfer, but the risk of low birth weight among frozen/thawed embryo transfer neonates was significantly decreased in comparison with fresh embryo transfer neonates.