Personality traits as predictors for the outcome of lithium augmentation in treatment-resistant depression.

Abstract The NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were administered to patients with treatment-resistant depression ( n =21) before lithium augmentation. Analysis showed that the poor outcome group ( n =11) had lower openness scores on the NEO, and lower cooperativeness scores on the TCI compared with the good outcome group ( n =10). These findings may be predictors of poor responsiveness to lithium augmentation in the treatment of antidepressant-resistant depression.